There are several types of layered, but the main point is always the same: you get played one or more "extra" cards, that are not part of the original finesse (or other clue).
You already know the most basic form of layered, even if no one calls it like this
I'd call it half-bluff, or prompt + finesse:
https://hanabi.devnotebook.fr/display/? ... %2CGX%2CBX
I’m Alice, Bob plays after me, then Carole and then David.
- Bob has a B1 marked 1 in his hand, and a G1 in finesse position (both playable).
- I give Carole a G clue on her G2.
- Bob plays his marked 1.
- Carole doesn't bomb because she noticed a G1 was in finesse position when she got clued. She does something unrelated to the clue, and so do I.
- Bob plays the G1 that has moved in his hand.
- Carole can play her G2.
This is the simplest version of layered: an extra B1 has been played.
Note that Bob could have R1 + G1 in finesse position. Then he would have played until he found the G1, to complete the finesse.
The second easy layered is the layered GD.
https://hanabi.devnotebook.fr/display/? ... ed=R2%2CG1
- I know that my R3 is playable, and I see Bob has a playable G2 and a R3 in finesse position.
- I discard my R3 as a gentleman's discard.
- Bob blind plays, expecting a R3, but he plays a G2.
- On the next turn, Bob will continue to blind play until he finds the R3. Note he could play more than one extra card in this way.
Then, comes the more complex stuff.
It requires being very aware of how do the bluffs work, why they should or shouldn't trigger a play, and why a bluff is not valid.